The development of ancient Egyptian civilization was centered around the lush, green and fertile Nile River. Amazingly, they accurately predicted the flooding of the Nile to produce excess crops and enable the growth of society and culture. In North Africa the Egyptians flourished until 525 BC. The lands were ruled by powerful pharaohs who provided dominion and control to their people. The daily life of Egyptians centers on an elaborate system of religious and spiritual beliefs. In homage to their religious beliefs, pharaohs, and gods, the Egyptians built breathtaking monuments that often included decorations and hieroglyphics that symbolized their spirituality. The extraordinary architecture and mystery of how these gigantic structures were built is one of the most intriguing questions of the ancient world. However, the society and culture aspect also inspires people to ask questions about how the ancient Egyptians lived their daily lives and how they managed to develop such a civilized lifestyle. Illustrations that adorned tombs and monuments throughout Egypt added information about the lives of the ancients. With the development of writing, the representation of effective use in medicine became evident. “Medicine was one of the oldest professions in the Nile Valley.” (White 1970) Their medical practices were very advanced for the time and included several doctors and health professionals. Medical care was provided by workers who claimed a specific title such as animal bite specialist. Or patients resorted to traditional treatments passed down from generation to generation. (Donadoni 1990) Doctoral specialization was apparently related to fields of expertise and included surgeons, general practitioners... anatomy. The Kahun gynecological papyrus was the first to recognize almost exclusively the female anatomy. The ancients were able to detect pregnancy and how to prevent it. The Kahun Papyrus also included a short section on veterinary medicine which also shows their level of understanding of animal anatomy. The Hearst Papyrus consists of several general medical problems and how to treat them. Finally, the Berlin Papyrus is composed of several sections including: general treatments and diagnoses, gynecological prescriptions and a large portion dedicated to spells and magic. Overall, as demonstrated by the five papyri, the ancient Egyptians had an extremely civilized way of diagnosing and treating the common diseases of their time. Their incredible knowledge of not only human but also animal anatomy allowed them to successfully treat patients.