Despite the horrors of trench warfare during World War I, the reasons why soldiers continued to fight include the influence of propaganda, pleasure of the thrill of combat and having nothing else to live for. These motivations differed from those of civilians at home because the latter group was not under the direct influence of a manipulative military or intense public pressure, nor did they experience the true nature of combat on the battlefield. For the most part, these feelings were shared by soldiers of both the Central Powers and the Allies, with the exception of those who had little enthusiasm for fighting since the start of the war, such as the Italians and minority groups. During the war, both the Allies and the Central Powers used propaganda to recruit men into their armies. For example, in Germany posters of male soldiers showing courage on the battlefield to defend the country were advertised, while in Britain unlisted men were given white feathers by women, which were the symbol of cowardice (Lecture, 11.14.2013 ). Not fighting in the war meant that in the public eye the unlisted men showed no true masculinity or nationalistic loyalty to their country. Under this public pressure, men continued to fight in the war because they did not want to return home in shame and be considered cowardly traitors in front of their peers. Furthermore, in the last years of the war, when the military realized that soldiers were losing interest in fighting, they also introduced propaganda in the form of trench newspapers. During the downtime between battles, many soldiers experienced boredom while living in the trenches due to the lack of activities to do. As a result the "trench newspapers" were... half paper... some fighters continued to fight because the civilian experience left them with a sense of emptiness. Taking all these motivations into account, there were also differences between some military groups. It can be argued that the groups of people who did not feel enthusiasm for the war from its inception were those who did not have these motivations to continue fighting. For example, unlike France and Great Britain, Italy entered the war in a later period with the state's war objective of conquering territory from Austria-Hungary. However, most Italians did not know the real reason for declaring war and were not in favor of entering the conflict, compared to soldiers from countries such as Germany and France who were enthusiastic about fighting and expressing patriotism. Because they always had these feelings of antipathy towards war, the motivations