Topic > Analysis of chronic undernutrition in the world

Food is treated as a commodity such that more people currently die of hunger than from AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis combined (UN). The current number of chronically undernourished people in the world is 842 million. The Food and Agricultural Organization defines chronic undernutrition or chronic hunger as “a state of inability to obtain sufficient food, lasting for at least one year, defined as a level of food intake insufficient to meet dietary energy needs.” For the purposes of this report, hunger has been defined as synonymous with chronic undernutrition. In this report I will discuss the global food crisis from the perspective of human security. I will start by discussing hunger before the global food crisis and will deepen my discussion on the causes of the global food crisis, how states have responded to the food crisis, and what are the best solutions for this crisis from a human security perspective. Given the large number of chronically undernourished people in the world, the UN and other advocacy organizations have pledged to halve the proportion of those suffering from hunger by 2015, from 842 million to 421 million. In 2005, the number of chronically undernourished people reached 848 million; this included 16 million people in industrialized countries and 832 million people in developing countries. In 2007, the worst food crisis since 1974 erupted. The number of people suffering from hunger continued to increase, reaching 1.09 billion in 2009. Most experts traced the start of the crisis to the increase in food prices. There are several causes for the increase in food prices. One reason is the growing demand from the middle class in developing countries. One of the primary causes explaining the increase in food prices was the growing demand for meat in China, in the midst of the food crisis. Many states have implemented some sort of policy to deal with rising food prices. There are seven countries that have reduced taxes on food grains, four countries have price controls, one country has fuel subsidies, four countries have implemented export restrictions, and five countries are providing school food. With the large number of people suffering from hunger in the world, only a couple of countries are doing something to solve this crisis. Looking at the graph below, you can see how states in different parts of the world are dealing with rising food prices. According to the chart, East Asia is doing more to implement policy actions by reducing taxes on food grains and increasing supply by using grain stocks. South Asia appears to apply price controls and provide consumer subsidies, while the Near East and North Africa appear to do next to nothing..