How can life have lasting meaning without the presence of memory? Christopher Nolan scrupulously delves into the innermost facets of this heartbreaking question in his brilliant neo-noir film, Memento. Nolan's compelling work completely transforms an ordinary murder mystery into something completely different. Leonard Shelby suffers from an extreme case of anterograde amnesia, which prevents him from forming new memories; yet he still possesses the ability to remember the first events of his previous life. However, an intact memory is not synonymous with an accurate memory, and the public is therefore forced to establish his innocence or, conversely, his guilt. Throughout the film, Nolan uses various visual cues that call into question not only Lenny's reliability as a narrator, but also the authenticity of his character. The disjointed chronology used reinforces both the audience's and Lenny's confusion as to who he really is. “You don't know who you are Lenny. That's who you were. You are not who you are." Nolan attempts to elucidate not only the various complexities involving Lenny's self-discovery, but also the value of life itself through his theatrical display of anterograde amnesia. Anterograde amnesia is a devastating form of memory loss in which the individual loses the ability to create new long-term memories (compared to retrograde amnesia which affects memory from the onset of the condition backwards) (Emilien 185) . This disorder can result from damage to parts of the brain such as the hippocampus, diencephalon, and other structures within the prefrontal cortex (Healthy 1). For a long time, neurologists have struggled to determine the most fiscally and scientifically effective way to study amnesia. The electrical stimulation of patients... in the center of the card... prevents them from creating new memories but also from developing a meaningful life. Maybe it's a form of self-punishment for his actions. Maybe it's a way to continue living with an already dead soul. Leonard committed suicide (metaphorically, of course) the moment someone broke into his home and his wife. But then who is the real victim or executioner? Who deserves to die and who deserves justice? Lenny was manipulated by Teddy, this unknown perpetrator, and also by his own hands. The line between justified and unjustified revenge becomes progressively more blurred; both superficially in Lenny's hunt for the killer, John G., but also in his internal balance between penance and self-justification. But ultimately, Nolan's Memento wrongs wrongdoers in a perverse way only suited to achieving justice in such a seemingly unjust world..