Leininger's most significant and outstanding influence was the development of her theory of the diversity and universality of cultural nursing, which she introduced in the early 1960s to provide culturally congruent and competent care. “She was convinced that transcultural nursing could provide meaningful outcomes in terms of therapeutic health and healing” (Parker & Smith, 2010). The Diversity and Universality Theory of Cultural Nursing was developed to establish an applicable knowledge base to guide nurses in understanding and applying transcultural nursing in their practice. Leininger also identified three new, creative ways to obtain and maintain culturally congruent care. “The three modalities postulated were: preservation or maintenance of cultural care, adaptation or negotiation of cultural care, and restructuring or reorganization of cultural care” (Parker & Smith, 2010). Cultural preservation or maintenance means nursing care interventions that help clients of particular cultures maintain and preserve cultural standards of care during the provision of health care. Cultural adaptation or cooperation of care refers to original and advanced nursing actions that help people of various cultures to become familiar or communicate with others in order to achieve a goal of optimal health outcomes appropriate to the patient's culture, be it a individual, a family or a community. . Cultural care reshaping or restructuring means therapeutic actions performed by the culturally informed nurse that enable the patient to modify individual health behavior to achieve valuable outcomes by enhancing the patient's cultural morals. These expectations are the theoretical foundation that Leininger has benefited from to increase the meaning, complexity, and clarity of the overall emphasis of culturally skilled care. According to Leininger's Sunrise model, a visual representation of theory can be used as a tool to implement individualized cultural assessments of patients. “The model