In the mid-1980s, hip hop music was moving into the mainstream of the music and entertainment world. One of the biggest changes has been the production of hip hop music. For example, new hip hop music introduced song forms such as verse, hook and chorus and consisted of more musical features to create more dynamics in hip hop music. The most important change in production was the use of “sampling” and the increased use of the drum machine to create beats (Burr). These rhythms were later used as the basis for rap, which Tricia Rose defined as “a technologically sophisticated and complex urban sound” (Rose 95). Rap became the center of hip hop production during the mid-1980s. According to Rose, rap uses “collage, intertextuality, boasting, toasting, and signifying” for lyrical styles and organizations (Rose 64). Many hip hop artists use meaning to constitute lyrical style. Meaning means taking someone else's words and turning them on their head. There are several characteristics that make up meaning: indirect, metaphor, irony, rhythm, teaching, and wordplay. Therefore, the meaning enriches the lyrics to create refined rap music. Second, the organization of rap is the rhythm, which is “the most perceptible and least material thing” (Rose 64). In almost all hip hop music, the beats are mostly created by heavy bass or drum beats. By manipulating these rhythms, rappers can produce distinctive rhythms and make their rap songs original. Rap's lyrical styles and distinctive yet organized rhythms are central qualities in the formulation of rap music. One of the powerful hip hop artists who implements and maneuvers the primary qualities in the formulation of rap music is RUN DMC. I will use one of their famous songs, "Sucker MC's", a... paper medium... for my article due to the distinctive and systematic composition of the song. The group members collaborated to create different styles and sounds of hip hop music without using sampling. The lyrics not only convey meaningful messages using metaphors, but also flow smoothly using rhymes. Furthermore, by using call and response, RUN DMC made the song more lively and could easily excite the audience. The unique beats, rhythms and sounds were perfectly arranged by the members to bring originality to the music. Even though RUN DMC had a long hiatus, the group got back together and released new records. Unfortunately, the group disbanded when Jam Master Jay was murdered in his recording studio. Although the remaining two members retired after Jay's death, RUN DMC is still remembered as the legendary rap group responsible for popularizing rap and hip hop music.
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