The Arab Spring of March 2011 ushered in a new era of open resistance to the Syrian regime. The protesters initially called for political reform, but over time, in the face of aggressive repression, they transformed into a nationwide uprising calling for the ouster and end of the presidency of Bashar al-Assad and his regime. Thus, according to estimates, in two years of fighting around 126,000 people died, of which around 4.25 million Syrians were internally displaced and over two million Syrians sought refuge in neighboring countries such as Turkey, Lebanon, Iraq, Jordan and Egypt to escape the war. Some of the neighboring countries that border Syria have also experienced varying amounts of skirmishes and conflicts, so it appears that these clashes threaten and undermine the region. The severe volatility of events and the complexity of cunning propaganda based on real events on the ground have made the conflict tremendously difficult for outside observers to monitor. Therefore, this essay will try to explain the crisis better by providing a brief explanation of how this uprising spread throughout the struggle, the main regional groups and the involvement of the international community to end this bloodiest conflict.IntroductionBashar al-Assad, the current president of Syria, came to power after the death of his father Hafez al-Assad in 2000, who ruled Syria for thirty years. When Bashar al-Assad came to power there were great expectations and hopes for reform, but he weakened political constraints and permitted some political activities. This era was called the Damascus Spring, but it did not last long, as Assad soon returned to an authoritarian and oppressive way of rule...... middle of paper...... strong supporter of Assad, and the role of Iran” as factors contributing to the intensification of the Syrian crisis (Davison). It better illustrates the many different factors contributing to the escalation of the Syrian war. Countries such as Iran, Russia, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, the United States and Turkey are trying to pursue their personal interests in this war, and the United Nations Security Council, which is composed from these countries because of Russia and China, it fails. make a resolution and intervene in Syria to end the war. President Obama was not even able to provide convincing evidence of the Assad regime's use of chemical weapons to have a legitimate reason to intervene in Syria. On the other hand, opposition groups do not want to participate in the conference suggested by the United States and Russia for negotiations between the opposition and Bashar al-Assad.