Indonesia is already experiencing the effects of climate change. The direction of climate change varies from region to region, since Indonesia is an archipelago country composed of approximately 17,000 islands according to the National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN) in 2002. With a vast coastline, a high susceptibility to natural disasters and a highly vulnerable agricultural production systems, Indonesia is one of the most vulnerable countries to the risk of climate change in the world. Sea level rise, changes in precipitation and extreme climate events are an important issue. Climate change adaptation is necessary to address the impacts of climate change. The Government of Indonesia (GOI) has made efforts related to adapting to climate change impacts, including the development of policy guidelines to address climate change. Numerous national policy guidance documents addressing the impacts of climate change have been formulated by related institutions. The GOI has paid particular attention to environmental management since the early 1980s. While Indonesia has no obligation to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, it has an interest in playing an active role in global efforts to address climate change. In 2004, Indonesia ratified the Kyoto Protocol with Law No. 17 of 2004. Since the early 2000s, the Italian government has already carried out several actions covering mitigation and adaptation efforts, including the establishment of the National Commission on Clean Development Mechanism under the Ministry of Environment (MoE ) in 2005, laws and regulations on energy, forest pollution control and integrated coastal management. In 2007, Indonesia hosted the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Conferences of the Parties-13 (UNF...... middle of document ...... Jakarta, (iii) Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) - Climate Change Capacity Development and (iv) the Deutsche Gessellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) - Policy Advice for the Environment and Climate Change (PAKLIM) is an Indonesian-German cooperation program that provides advice and support to the national government , local governments and industries in climate change mitigation and adaptation initiatives. This indicates that adaptation and mitigation programs in Indonesia are still promoted by international agencies, an issue that the Italian government should be more interested in, in particular, adaptation. to climate change at the local level, in order to improve the integration between the development plan and adaptation measures.