A recent trend that moderate consumption of red wine is beneficial to health has been widely accepted and even more focused in the research field. The “French paradox,” popularized by Renaud and Lorgeril in the 1990s, is responsible for this recent curiosity. It revealed that although France is traditionally a major consumer of saturated fat and cholesterol, it has one of the lowest rates of coronary heart disease (CHD) and mortality.1http://authoritynutrition.com/wp-content/uploads/2013 /11/saturi-fat-heart-disease-in-europe.jpg Red wine is responsible for such trends because it is consumed in great abundance in France, and it was initially thought that the alcoholic components (ethanol) were responsible for such results. Recent studies have focused more specifically on red wine because it contains a special group of natural ingredients found in grapes called polyphenols.2 These are not found in other beverages containing the same ethanol components. Although they are known for their antioxidant benefits that reduce premature aging and disease, many studies have attempted to pinpoint a specific polyphenol, primarily catechin, as responsible for the mechanisms that reduce risk factors for disease, particularly coronary artery disease.3 With Compared to the "French paradox", the question remains: is catechin primarily responsible for the mechanisms involved in reducing coronary heart disease or do they collectively contribute to promoting coronary heart disease health? In many studies, polyphenols have been found to have antioxidant properties that participate in two mechanisms associated with risk factors for CHD. They help reduce heart disease by preventing a chemical reaction (oxidation) of bad cholesterol (LDL), which disrupts the form...... middle of paper ......ntethesis of endothelial cells in culture; Clinical Sciences: 2002. 103: 72-75.10. Faustino RS., Sobrattee S., Edel, AL., Pierce GN., Comparative analysis of the phenolic content of selected Chilean, Canadian and American Merlot red wines. Molecular and cellular biochemistry; 2003 July; 249(1-2):11-911. Huxley RR and Neil HAW. The relationship between dietary flavonol intake and coronary heart disease mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2003; 57: 904-908.12. Giuliano, Mireille. French women don't get fat New York, 13.2005. Mezzano, Leighton F, Strobel P, Martinez C, Marshall G, Cuevas A, Castillo O, Panes O, Munoz B, Rozowski J, and Periera J. The Mediterranean diet, but not red wine, is associated with beneficial changes in hemostasis primary. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2003; 57: 439-446.