Fredrick Engle and Karl Marx wrote the textbook on the rise of the working class and the fall of the owners of the means of production. Their book The Communist Manifesto arrived in the wake of social, economic and political upheavals in Europe. Lenin and then Joseph Stalin believed in a collective state. A nation where all citizens worked towards a goal predetermined by the state, with all supplies and financial responsibilities supported and paid for by the government. However, communist leaders controlled what they perceived as vital to the security and well-being of the state. They controlled what Lenin called the “commanding heights of industry”: steel production, agricultural businesses, oil production, and coal industries, to name just a few, which they did not allow others to control. They removed the price on items with the idea that there would be plenty for everyone to share as long as collectives worked together to create a utopian society. To gain political control, Lenin used the revolutionaries to build a viable army, which won the Russian Civil War and eliminated Tsar Nicholas III and all members of the ruling class. Lenin developed a society based on the rise of the working class or proletariat and the ruin of the owners of the means of production or the bourgeoisie. The intent of Lenin and then Stalin was to create a classless Soviet society. After Lenin's death, Stalin took control of the Soviet state. Through a series of five-year plans, he has managed to improve the living and working conditions of those who support his ideals. Those he perceived as contrary to his vision of society were expelled from society. At least 10 million men, women and children are believed to have been killed under Stalin