Biocriminology, also called biosocial criminology, commonly has a negative connotation due to its roots in the shadows of eugenics and social Darwinism, long condemned as pseudoscientific and vilified for fueling German Nazism movement. It is the idea that a person's genes or hormones can lead to criminal behavior and has been viewed out of favor by most criminologists. However, discoveries in genetics and neurology that have supported theories that genetics play a role in criminal behavior have led to the emergence of a subfield of criminology. The research will show the heated debate among scientists who are debating biocriminology. Although it is highly controversial whether biological criminology provides a valid explanation for deviance, it has been shown that some aspects of criminal behavior, such as tendencies toward violence and antisocial disorders, have genetic components that can be inherited. (See Appendix A) This means that, along with other sociological, psychological, or economic factors, biology has an effect on criminal behavior. Technological advances have given rise to interest in the possibility that crime is related to genetics. As technology continues to prosper, the argument that criminal behavior is caused by genetic makeup becomes stronger and stronger. In an April 27, 2013 Wall Street Journal article, Stanton Samenow states: “Brain imaging techniques are identifying physical deformations and functional abnormalities that predispose some individuals to violence.” The article hails the emerging field of “neurocriminology” as it revolutionizes our understanding of violent behavior. Neocriminology and biocriminology go hand in hand, as both involve the study of the physical and mental elements of crime and... middle of paper... can be traced back to a minority of individuals. This has uncomfortable overtones of eugenics, the pseudo-science that held that humanity could be improved by eliminating the bad, and that the Nazis took a step further with their policy of exterminating the Untermenschen. Even if it stopped there, the idea of the "criminal gene" would be controversial enough, but for modern science it opens up new and different possibilities. If there are genes that give certain people a genetic predisposition to crime, is it possible to identify them and their carriers, perhaps already in the womb? What should happen to those embryos? Furthermore, if someone is born with a criminal mind, what else should one do with him other than lock him up for as long as possible? The arguments date back to at least 1870, when Cesare Lombroso, an Italian doctor, devised his criminal man theory.
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