When we ask people to recall experiences, they rarely report memories from much earlier than about three years of age. For the purposes of this evaluation I chose "Childhood Amnesia and the Beginnings of Memory for Four Early Life Events" conducted by JoNell A. Usher and Ulric Neisser, published in 1993 in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. Therefore, in the following paragraphs I will outline the purpose of the study, methodology and overall findings. Current research indicates that most early memories involve distressing experiences. It is predicted that under certain conditions, children are able to recall painful and potentially harrowing medical experiences, such as injections (Goodman, Rudy, Bottoms, & Aman, 1990). The aim of this study was to highlight the offset of childhood amnesia (the earliest age of recall) related to four different cues (hospitalisation, family relocation, death of a family member and birth of a younger sibling). The research question seems to be very interesting and challenging due to the connection between the target events and the age years of the participants. Previous research has suggested that children fail to remember events that occurred earlier in their lives due to underdeveloped hippocampus (Nadel & Zola-Morgan, 1984). It could therefore be argued that childhood amnesia can be explained in relation to the inability of the hippocampus to handle episodic memory. Schachtel (1947) instead stated that particular events can be recalled in adulthood, but this depends on their effect on the child. In other words, memorable events are more likely to be remembered in adulthood than conventional ones. Participants were recruited from the study... in the middle of the paper... so, it appears that distinctive memories are available from an earlier age in childhood than previous research suggests. Works CitedGoodman, G.S., Rudy, L., Bottoms, B.L., & Aman, C. (1990). Children's worries and memory: Issues of ecological validity in the study of children's eyewitness testimony. In R. Fivush & J.A.Hudson (Eds.), Knowing and remembering in young children (pp. 249-284). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University PressNadel, L., & Zola-Morgan, S. (1984). Childhood amnesia: a neurobiological perspective. In M. Moscovitch (Ed.), Infant memory (pp. 145-172). New York: Plenum Press Schachtel, E. G. (1947). On childhood memory and amnesia. Psychiatry, 10, 1-26. Usher, J. A., & Neisser, U. (1993). Infantile amnesia and the onset of memory for four early childhood events. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 122, 155-165.