IntroductionAndrogenic-anabolic steroids are man-made drugs designed to duplicate the effects of the male hormone testosterone. They are usually used to alter athletic activity, however research has shown that they cause serious health problems. The negative effects of anabolic steroid abuse are a concept that has concerned scientists for many years. In this literature review, health problems that appear specifically in male athletes will be addressed. Sperm count in the reproductive system, left ventricle size in the cardiovascular system, and the behavioral problem of aggression will be examined more closely to illustrate to readers what has been written about the adverse effects of anabolic steroids. This is so that they can understand the development of ideas regarding the long-term effects of steroid abuse on the body. The Correlation Between Sperm Count and Steroid Use in Men The literature on the adverse effects of anabolic steroids agrees that anabolic steroids will damage the reproductive system. However, many scholars choose to focus on the effect of anabolic steroids on sperm. One problem seen in sperm subjected to steroid abuse is a lower count. Saied Karbalay-Doust of the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences conducted the study "The Reversibility Of Sperm Quality After Discontinuing Nandrolone Decanoate In Adult Male Rats" to observe the reproductive effects that would result from injecting weekly doses of nandrolone decanoate (a compound in anabolic steroids) in various rats for 14 weeks. At the end of the study, Karbalay-Doust came to the conclusion that the sperm count will decrease dramatically if the body experiences anabolic steroid abuse for a long period of time (...... middle of the paper ...... ood lipids and echocardiographic parameters in body builders." International Journal of Sports Medicine 10 (2001): 62-66 PrintBreuer M, McGinnis M, Lumia A, Possidente B. "Aggression in male rats receiving anabolic androgenic steroids: social and environmental effects. provocation." Hormonal Behavior 40 (2001): 409–418 PrintMcGinnis M, Lumia A, Breuer M, Possidente B. "Physical provocation potentiates aggression in male rats receiving anabolic androgenic steroids 41 (2002): 101 - 110 PrintLong S, Wilson M, Sufka K, Davis W. “The effects of co-administration of cocaine and nandrolone on aggression in male rats.” Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology 195 (2010): 411 -457. Press