Throughout its history, Europe has gone through several periods of dynamic change. From the 16th to the 17th centuries, however, these changes brought about a drastic change in both religious and educational standards. As seen clearly through the writings of both Francis Bacon's New Atlantis and Thomas More's Utopia, these changes reflected a deeper movement in human culture. Referred to as the Christian Humanist movement (16th century) and the Scientific Revolution (17th century), Bacon and More capture the heart of the movement and portray it to their audiences in utopian societies. These works, therefore, demonstrate not only the authors' attitude towards the monumental changes of their time, but also the dramatic ideological change that occurred in about a hundred years. In the early 16th century, Thomas More wrote a novel about a fictional society in which humanistic ideas were dominant. During this period, European noble power was anything but a humanist utopia. Europe was not just a disaster, but a genocidal disaster. Between the reigns of the Tudor dynasty, and finally under the rule of Queen Mary I, English citizens lived in constant fear for their religious rights and their lives. In addition to religious civil wars, the Catholic Church and other clergy were gradually moving away from "ideas of purity." More addresses these real-world issues with the idea of ​​“real and counterfeit pleasures.” True pleasures are those pleasures that should increase the well-being of the body (e.g. eating well, exercising, and other sensual pleasures). Counterfeit pleasures, on the other hand, were those embodied around ideas of unnatural origin (e.g., money, appearance enhancements, and power). These pleasures are the factors that guide the lives of imaginary citizens and therefore...... middle of paper......ence and ingenuity? Was More really a rebel of his time? Regardless of the answer, these men were obviously influential leaders of their time and continue to be so today. The humanist movement and the scientific revolution find their refuge in Utopia and New Atlantis. Written approximately one hundred years apart from each other, these works clearly identify the attitudes of both the writers and European society of the time. While Francis Bacon embodies the spirit of ingenuity and experimentation, Thomas More clearly illustrates the benefits of a communal society at the heart of a productive, virtue-driven community. Meanwhile, however, each author clearly shows the defects of European society at the time. These aspects are what provide the historical significance of the ideological movements of the 16th and 17th centuries, and will continue to do so in the centuries to come..