Topic > The Paleolithic and the Neolithic - 329

The separation between the Paleolithic and the Neolithic marks a great division in the life and cultures of prehistoric peoples. Many aspects of daily life were changed to accommodate a new standard of living. Society, economy and technology were strongly influenced by the "Agricultural Revolution" which gave rise to the Neolithic. The Paleolithic, from the Greek "ancient stone", is the era of the emergence of modern man. During this era, man was a species of hunter-gatherer. Because of the abundant sources of animals and plants, man could simply follow the herds and their migratory paths. Without any proprietary knowledge, each nomadic group was egalitarian as there was no distinction for social scale. Despite not having an established society or economy, man in the Paleolithic had increasing technology. Their weapons and tools were made of wood and stone, and they had manifested the ability to control fire. The Paleolithic also brought about language and thus established the first historical background of modern man. Paleolithic art is the backdrop to the culture of the time. Depicting a society classified only by sex: men hunted, made weapons and tools, and fought other nomadic bands; Women gathered together, made clothes and had children. The New Stone Age, or Neolithic, marked the beginning of a consolidated society for modern man. Although only a few Paleolithic societies adapted to agriculture through hunting/gathering, this change paved the way for the advancement of society, economy, and technology. Man began to raise small flocks of sheep and goats, and food crops such as wheat and barley could be domesticated at the foot of the mountains. As more and more nomadic groups began to settle as farmers rather than hunter/gatherers, an economic system emerged. Although most nomadic societies were still self-sufficient, trade in items such as stones and shells was initiated. The new settlements helped the population grow rapidly. Farmers were able to have and support larger families. Changes in technology helped move modern man into the Bronze Age.