Overall, ethical standards related to competence are vital to ensuring that a clinically competent supervisor provides sufficient knowledge and training experiences to help the supervisee achieve competence in a supportive context, while monitoring the treatment received by the client (Thomas, 2014, Wise & Cellucci, 2014). When Watkins (2011) examined the contribution of psychotherapy supervision to patient outcomes across 18 supervision outcome studies spanning from 1981 to 2011. These 30 years of supervision outcome research have failed to provide additional information on the contribution of psychotherapy supervision on patient outcomes due to misidentified studies and various methodological deficits in investigations. However, Watkins (2011) indicated that the study conducted by Bambling, King, Raue, Schweitzer, and Lambert (2006) was the most important research to directly investigate the effects of supervision and patient outcome in 127 depressed patients with depression greater. They reported that psychotherapy supervision was favorably influencing client outcome. Patients in supervised treatment, compared to unsupervised ones, reported a higher level of satisfaction with treatment, a better working alliance, a greater reduction in symptoms and a greater propensity to continue treatment. Additionally, a recent study demonstrated that new graduates achieved better client outcomes due to the recent increased emphasis on supervision (Wrape, Callahan, Ruggero, & Watkins, 2015). These studies demonstrate the importance of the ability to adhere to ethical standards in providing high-quality care to clients. According to ethical standards, clinical supervisors are responsible for ensuring the competence of their work and for protecting... middle of paper ...standards are not sufficient to address complex issues. For example, the APA does not provide specific guidance or substantive guidance on how much training, supervised experience, consultation, or study is sufficient for clinical psychologists who do not have supervisory experience to supervise others in practice. Furthermore, on what basis do you judge whether a clinical psychologist is competent in providing training and at the same time ensuring that the client receives high-quality care? These are the questions that come to mind when I read the ethical standards. However, that being said, while these standards are not perfect, they serve as a guideline for psychologists in this helping field. At a minimum, it serves as a funnel to prevent unethical individuals from practicing this profession in order to protect the vulnerable population.