There are different forms of government ruling in the world today. Presidential system of government and parliamentary system of government are both very important and widely used as systems of government. There are many differences between the presidential and parliamentary systems of government. The main difference is the person who is in power in each system. The president and prime minister take on different roles in these. The branches within these governments are elected differently, and the amount of power they have is also different. In the presidential system the president cannot be replaced easily, unlike the parliamentary system where the prime minister can be replaced more quickly. Both systems have In this system of government there is an overlap in who is part of the executive branch and who is part of the legislature. In both cases the prime minister and members of the legislature are in office (Phillips, 2012, p.198). Contrary to the “separation of powers” envisaged by the presidential system, the parliamentary system provides for the “fusion of powers”. This makes both branches responsible for administering the day-to-day operations of government departments and also exercising executive powers (Phillips, 2012, p.198). This can be seen as an advantage and a disadvantage at the same time. The most important advantage of the parliamentary system is that no branch has the power to oppose the executive, but it can also be seen as a disadvantage. Because there is no “separation of powers,” the executive branch may have too much power, and the legislative branch may have little or no control over it. The prime minister is usually part of the same political party as the legislative branch because the legislative branch itself appoints him. It is very easy for the legislature to replace a prime minister. If the legislative branch votes to replace prime ministers, then an action called a "motion of no confidence" begins and the prime minister must resign or call an orderly election. Both have their advantages and disadvantages. The overall advantage of the parliamentary system is that the legislature almost always chooses a prime minister who is already part of its political party. This makes their opinions very similar and they work together easily. In the presidential system the president and the legislature might have different views and might be on different sides when it comes to making many decisions. When it comes to passing laws, the parliamentary system usually provides a quicker process. This is because it is easier for the legislative branch to pass laws since it essentially has the same power as the executive branch. This can be seen as an advantage for the legislature when it wants to pass a new law. They do not have to wait for the prime minister's approval, since they usually have the same plans and want to pass the same laws. However, it could also be seen as a disadvantage if everyone else doesn't like the law. In contrast to the parliamentary system, the presidential system requires the signature of the president and the approval of a law by him. The president can veto a law if he deems it necessary or if he does not agree with it. However, the legislature has the power to override this veto with a two-thirds vote through the system of checks and balances. In the USA the Senate also requests it 60%
tags