In his book Steppingstones to Curriculum, Van Brummelen discusses four popular perspectives on curriculum through curriculum orientations. “A curriculum orientation defines the basic assumptions of the worldview and how these suggest an overall vision of education, a vision of knowledge and the person, and how these influence learning and teaching in the classroom, the how we plan and the overall objectives of the curriculum. ” (page 25). Curriculum guidelines provide the teacher with a clear and distinct sense of direction for an educational program. A curriculum orientation is what a teacher teaches. Each orientation has a different vision of what is important and gives the teacher a clear focus. The four orientations are traditional, process/mastery, experimental, and Christian. When planning the curriculum, the traditionalist approach views the curriculum as a conveyor of information and ideas. Their focus is on transmission. They focus on developing basic and reasoning skills through acquiring knowledge in key disciplines. Process/mastery advocates focus on the process. They view the curriculum as a controlled and efficient process. Their knowledge and learning emphasis is on investigating, mastering, and applying data in small, defined, manageable steps. Experimenters see the curriculum as a search for personal meaning. They focus on building knowledge. They are about learning through experience. They emphasize the autonomous creation and negotiation of knowledge and meaning. Christians see the curriculum as a reflection/interpretation of God's truth. They focus on accountability. Their curriculum answers questions such as how to foster students' positive responses toward God, their fellow man, society, and themselves. They emphasize understanding and developing God's revelation through experience, observation, conceptualization, and