Also, she read philosophy and other nonfiction works of the time. No doubt he was aware of the changes that were taking place in culture, economy, industry, science and other aspects of life. The industrial revolution, which began in the 18th century and continued into the 19th century, brought changes in all walks of life. The upper classes felt the entrance gates of their private enclaves shake with the might of a rising middle class. The poor saw new opportunities that could lift them out of poverty. All these problems have also had an impact on literature. The novel became an important source of entertainment and big business for publishers and magazines. «In the Victorian era, the voice of authority was accepted in religion, in politics, in literature, in family life. 7 There was little reading outside the Bible, and education was limited, mathematics, classics, but not much science or great literature from the more recent past. 8 This education was for boys. Girls had even less education. They were to "enjoy such evenings [balls and parties] and follow the activities of well-bred young women: drawing and embroidery, mild charity work, hat decorating, and garden cultivation." 9 There were few vocations for young women to pursue, so a fortuitous marriage to someone with property and money was considered advantageous. Males from a poor family of