The decision comes with a number of justices choosing to concur in part and dissent in part, the court saying the searches and seizures of Coolidge's properties were unconstitutional. Judge Stewart's opinion wrote that the warrant authorized to seize his automobile was invalid because it had not been issued by a "natural and detached magistrate." Stewart also rejected New Hampshire's argument to make an exception to the search warrant under "special circumstances": neither the incident-to-arrest doctrine nor the clear-view doctrine justified the search, and that even an automobile exception era