A disturbing thought about man's ethical barometer is that most theories, categories and principles come from the point of human reason. There is reason to shudder at the thought of man as the absolute authority of right and wrong; what is ethical and what is not. Born into a sinful nature, man will eventually make decisions that lead him to a moral philosophy that is shaky at best. Even philosophers with the best intentions fall short of God's model for ordering, organizing, and carrying out ethical actions. Because of man's limited vision of what should be done to improve the current situation, humanity will always find itself unable to make the best ethical decisions; not being able to see the long-term results and the impact those decisions and actions would have on others in the world. In Part VI of Ronald Munson's Intervention and Reflection: Fundamental Issues in Bioethics, five major ethical theories are explored. Theories and their “truths”, along with their difficulties, will be tested by accepting them as absolute. An absolute is an immutable and universal truth about reality; but none of these theories as a whole holds the absolute character. They remain ethical theories, not ethical facts. (Absolutes, Commandments, Guidelines, Inferences, and Beliefs) Nineteenth-century British philosophers, Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, summarize their theory of utilitarianism, or the “principle of utility,” which is defined as “actions are right in proportion to how much they tend to promote happiness, which is wrong since they tend to produce the opposite of happiness” (Munson, 2012, p. 863). , rather than the action itself. Utility, or usefulness... middle of paper... to die, everything moves further and further away into a state of decay; and so goes hope, so goes faith of man in what he can see, think and reason. It is the harsh reality that becomes evident; , then man can be the most arrogant and ignorant of God's creation. ReferencesLinstra, R. (n.d.). Absolutes, commandments, guidelines, inferences and beliefs [Video]. Retrieved from http://learn.liberty.edu/webapps/portal/frameset.jsp?tab_tab_group_id=_2_1&url=/webapps/blackboard/execute/courseMain?course_id=_56051_1 Morgan, R. J. (1997). Beyond any reasonable doubt!. Wheaton, IL: Evangelical Training Association. Munson, R. (2012). Intervention and reflection: Fundamental issues in bioethics (9th ed.). Boston, MA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.