1. Introduction1.1. Definition of cultural diplomacy, its importance in modern politicsThe term "cultural diplomacy" or as it is also called "diplomacy between cultures" came into use quite recently, however, evidence of its putting into practice has been known for centuries. Since the founding of ancient states, traders, artists, philosophers, teachers and explorers can be considered a prototype of modern cultural ambassadors and diplomats. With the emergence of trade within different regions and nations came the frequent exchange of information and cultural gifts between traders and governments. These exchanges are now identified as ancient manifestations of cultural diplomacy as each person coming into contact with different cultures facilitates cultural exchange in the fields of politics, economics, science, arts, etc. Therefore, cultural diplomacy is an exchange of cultural aspects, information, ideas and traditions, between representatives of different cultures aimed at promoting the nation's political influence on the world arena. In a globalized twenty-first century, cultural diplomacy is very crucial in promoting peace and stability around the world. If this type of diplomacy is learned and applied correctly it offers a unique opportunity to influence global ideologies and public opinion. The application of the principles of diplomacy between cultures, such as recognition of cultural diversity, equality and justice, protection of human rights and international dialogue, promotes global peace and stability throughout the world.2. Japan's Cultural Diplomacy: History and DevelopmentThe main purpose of cultural diplomacy is to improve the image of a certain country, so the Japanese are... middle of the road... Japan's way of conducting cultural diplomacy. There is some discussion in Japanese political circles whether Japan should focus on the current strategy that represents Japan as a highly traditional, intellectual, and peaceful culture or develop a more aggressive cultural diplomacy. However, despite the arguments, some parts of the new "soft power" policy have already been implemented. The most visible results from the application of this concept are observed in Asian countries. Since Japan was one of the US allies in the Iraq War, its appearance as a peaceful, non-military state in the Middle East was fading, so Japan decided to pursue “civilian power” cultural diplomacy as a stabilization tool which will renew the situation. image of Japan in the region. To implement this type of policy, various actions have been taken by the Japanese government: