THE WALLRules and constraints, or what many call a "legalistic wall" misinterpreted by some and misunderstood by others, has made it very difficult for the IC share information before 9/11/11. Best (2007), argued that the intelligence community failed to share information because there were “walls” between intelligence and law enforcement. These walls prevented analysts from talking to each other and sharing information that, if seen in close relation, might have provided a coherent picture of the emerging plot. In Grewe (2004) and Best (2007) agreed that law enforcement and intelligence information was not regularly shared and that collectors and analysts were “isolated” from each other due to constitutional principles, statutes, policies and practices that preclude the sharing of such information. These rules dated back to the National Security Act of 1947 which required that the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) “have no police, subpoena or law enforcement powers, or internal security functions.” As stated on page 416 of the 9/11 report. “The biggest obstacle to analyzing all sources – to a greater likelihood of connecting the dots – is human or systematic resistance to sharing information.” In other words, success revolves around the IC's ability to connect the dots. Unfortunately, Kramer (2005) believes that bureaucracies often get in the way by implementing a series of mechanisms that tend to isolate points. The IC has argued on several occasions that it is unable to share information due to vaguely written and often misunderstood laws. As stated above, the barriers to information sharing that existed before September 2001 had a long history at... mid-article ......ns, "Intelligence Failures: Forecasting and the Lessons of Epistemology" in Richard K Betts and Thomas G. Mahnken (eds.) Paradoxes of Strategic Intelligence: Essays in Honor of Michael I. Handel (London: Frank Cass 2003) pp77Zegart, Amy. B. (2006). “An Empirical Analysis of Failed Intelligence Reforms Before 9/11.” Political Science Quarterly, 121(1), 33-60. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/208282164?accountid=8289Zegart, Amy. 2007. “9/11 and the FBI: The Organizational Roots of Failure.” Intelligence and National Security 22(2) 165-184. Reference Center for International Security and Counter-Terrorism, EBSCOhost (accessed 26 April 2014). Amy Zegart (2007) “CNN with Secrets:” 9/11, the CIA, and the Organizational Roots of Failure. International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, 20: 18-49, DOI:10.1080/08850600600888581.