In a quantitative analysis of the effectiveness of incarcerating individuals in preventing crime and especially in preventing those particular individuals from repeating it, Peter Wood concluded that several mechanisms may in fact contribute to relapse. Wood acknowledges the work of others in the field who have noted that statistically the experience of being incarcerated increases the likelihood that an individual will engage in future criminal behavior. He goes on to note other researchers' suggestions that such counterintuitive statistics might be explained by "a theory of challenge" according to which after an individual receives a punishment that he or she believes is unfair or unjust, he or she begins to develop a sense of defiance against the system that it can subsequently turn into criminal behavior. A similar explanation is discussed, that of the development of the "gambler's fallacy" in which the individual feels that being caught for the crime is a statistical oddity and that because he was recently caught he can happily continue with the crime without worrying to be captured. a later period of time. These two previous explanations can be directly linked to the way in which the legal system operates as a controlling agency, especially the latter explanation; however, Wood does not discuss the sociological aspects of these hypotheses in depth. Wood's data collection was conducted at an unnamed prison in a Southern state, where he interviewed more than 700 people about their length of time in prison, their past incarcerations, and how likely they were to return to a life of crime. after serving his sentence. The data showed, through bivariate regressions, that with a p value of