Topic > Crypto Vascular Plants - 1311

IntroductionPlants are autotrophs that produce their own organic nutrients to sustain themselves, through a complex process known as photosynthesis. The plant kingdom is diverse and consists of plants with different biological diversity (Raven et al. 2005). Cryptograms or seedless plants are vascular plants that do not produce seeds for dispersal but reproduce via wind-borne spores. In seedless plants the gametophyte and sporophyte are both independent stages in the plant's life cycle. Like all vascular plants, cryptograms have true roots, stems and leaves. Sperm are flagellated and require water to reproduce. These plants are therefore limited to humid areas. It is hypothesized that many of the seedless vascular plants were at one time the size of a tree ("Lycopodium" September 28, 2012). Table 1: Various plants within the kingdom plantae and their key characteristics. Cryptograms and vascular tissue the word vascular is synonymous with the word transport. Vascular tissue is the complex transport network within plants that helps transport water and organic nutrients throughout the plant body. In vascular plants about 93% of their tissue is vascular. There are two main types of vascular tissue, phloem and xylem (Gregory). XylemThe xylem is composed of two types of elongated cells that conduct water. The tracheids together with the fibers and parenchyma cells constitute the xylem. The function of the xylem in the plant is to transport water and salts through the plant ("Vascular Tissues in Plants" 2004). Phloem Phloem, unlike xylem, is made up of living tissue called sieve tube elements, which consist of the sieve tube and a companion cell. The elements of the sieve tube together with the sclereids and parenchyma form......the center of the paper......n Trinidad and Tobago. I would strongly recommend that the National Herbarium of Trinidad and Tobago develop a checklist as soon as possible. The limitations of this research are numerous. Works cited by Peter Raven, Ray Evert, and Susan Eichhorn. 2005. “Plant Biology.” New York: Freeman and Company.Palaeos.org, “Lycopodium.” Last modified: September 28, 2012. Accessed November 19, 2013. http://www.palaeos.org/Lycopodium.Gregory, Michael. The Biology Web, "Seedless Plants." Accessed November 19, 2013. http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bio 102/bio 102 lectures/seedlessplants/seedlessplants.htm."Vascular Tissues in Plants," National Biology Service (NBSS) (2004): 1-2, Radboud University of Nijmegen, "Lycophyta (Lycopodium, Selaginella)." Accessed 20 November 2013. http://www.vcbio.science.ru.nl/en/virtualssons/lycophyta/.